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Jeju Air 737-800 HL8088

Jeju Air 737 crashes after attempted gear up landing in Muan

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On 29 December a Jeju Air 737-800 flight 7C2216 attempted a gear up landing in Muan, South Korea. The aircraft slid off the end of the runway and impacted an embankment and ILS localizer array, breaking into multiple pieces. Officials report that 179 of 181 people on board were killed in the crash.

Jeju Air flight 2216 was scheduled from Bangkok to Muan, departing Bangkok at 02:29 local time (19:29 UTC). The flight approached Muan approximately 4 hours 30 minutes after departure. The last ADS-B message received from the aircraft occurred at 23:58:50 UTC with the aircraft located at 34.95966, 126.38426 at an altitude of 500 feet approaching Runway 1 at Muan. Based on visual evidence (see video below, viewer discretion advised) and the altitude and vertical rate data received by Flightradar24, we believe that the final ADS-B messages received represent preparation for a possible flypast of the airport. A flypast is often performed to visually confirm that the landing gear is either down or not prior to making a decision on next steps. The chart below shows the altitude and reported vertical rate of the aircraft from 2000 feet to the last signal received at 500 feet.

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Post-ADS-B data

It appears that ADS-B data was either no longer sent by the aircraft or the aircraft was outside our coverage area after 23:58:50 UTC. Based on coverage of previous flights and of other aircraft on the ground at Muan before and after the accident flight, we believe the former explanation is more likely. There are multiple possible explanations for why an aircraft would stop sending ADS-B messages, including loss of electrical power to the transponder, a wider electrical failure, or pilot action on the flight deck.

The video above shows the aircraft sliding down the runway on its engines without the landing gear deployed. Notably, the flaps and slats appear to be stowed. The aircraft continues off the runway at a high rate of speed before impacting the lighting array and embankment.

Aircraft information

Jeju Air flight 2216 was operated by a Boeing 737-800 registered HL8088. The 737 is powered by two CFM56-7B engines. The aircraft was acquired by Jeju Air in 2017. It had previously flown for Ryanair from 2009-2016.

Investigative updates

29 December 2024

South Korean investigators have recovered both the flight data recorder and the cockpit voice recorder from the aircraft. The Guardian, citing an unnamed official, reports that the flight data recorder was recovered in a damaged condition.

27 January 2025

The South Korean Aviation and Railway Accident Investigation Board released a preliminary accident investigation report on 27 January, providing the first official information about the investigation. Among the findings thus far:

  • Both engines showed evidence of bird strike. DNA analysis identified the remains in both engines as Baikal Teals.

  • The crew declared an emergency due to a bird strike during a go-around.

  • The flight data recorder and cockpit voice recorder both stopped recording at 08:58:50 local time. The last four minutes, seven seconds of the flight were not recorded.

South Korean investigators say the next phase of the investigation “will tear down the engines, examine components in depth, analyze CVR/FDR and ATC data, and investigate the embankment, localizers, and bird strike evidence.”

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An example full flight summary response from the Flightradar24 API: { "data": [ { "fr24_id": "0987654321", "flight": "SK1415", "callsign": "SAS1415", "operated_as": "SAS", "painted_as": "SAS", "type": "A20N", "reg": "SE-DOY", "orig_icao": "ESSA", "orig_iata": "ARN", "datetime_takeoff": "2023-01-27T05:15:22", "runway_takeoff": "12R", "dest_icao": "EKCH", "dest_iata": "CPH", "dest_icao_actual": "EPWA", "dest_iata_actual": "WAW", "datetime_landed": "2023-01-27T06:15:10", "runway_landed": "27L", "flight_time": 3600, "actual_distance": 1007.74, "circle_distance": 6245, "category": "Passenger", "hex": "4A91F9", "first_seen": "2023-01-27T05:06:22", "last_seen": "2023-01-27T06:18:10", "flight_ended": "true" } ] }
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